Muscle ischemia can result when elevated intracompartmental pressure exceeds the intravascular pressure of thin-walled small vessels and these vessels collapse, thereby decreasing the arteriovenous pressure gradient and impeding blood flow. 1 If untreated, compartment syndromes may lead to muscle fibrosis and contracture. Introduction/BackgroundĬompartment syndrome is defined as elevated pressure in a relatively noncompliant anatomic compartment that can cause ischemia, pain and potentially neuromuscular injury, including myonecrosis and rhabdomyolysis. DiagnosisĪcute compartment syndrome involving the lateral compartment of the right leg associated with a fibular fatigue fracture. A more distal T2-weighted image (2C) demonstrates similar findings with more pronounced soft tissue edema and a small fibular fatigue fracture (arrow). In addition, edema-like signal is seen adjacent to the fascia within the subcutaneous fat. The fascia is bowed laterally and may be slightly thickened (arrowheads).
The more proximal of the axial T2-weighted images (2B) demonstrates diffuse swelling and edema-like signal throughout the lateral compartment (arrows). Areas of diffuse T1 hyperintensity reflect regions of hemorrhage within the muscles (arrows). The axial T1-weighted image (2A) demonstrates slight volume increase in the lateral compartment musculature with lateral bowing of the overlying fascia (arrowheads).
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